Harvard Paid $27 for a Copy of Magna Carta. Surprise! It’s an Original.

In a remarkable turn of events, Harvard Law School has discovered that a document it acquired in 1946, believed to be a mere facsimile of the Magna Carta, is actually an original 1300 A.D. exemplification of the historic charter. This revelation positions Harvard’s copy among the rarest of the rare, as only seven such originals are known to exist worldwide.

The Magna Carta, Latin for “Great Charter,” was first issued in 1215 by King John of England. It laid the foundation for constitutional governance by establishing that the monarch was subject to the law, a principle that has resonated through centuries and across continents. The 1300 exemplifications, like the one now recognized at Harvard, were reissues that reaffirmed the charter’s enduring significance. These documents were meticulously crafted, sealed, and distributed to various regions, ensuring the Magna Carta’s principles were upheld throughout the kingdom.

The journey of Harvard’s document began in 1946 when it was purchased for a modest sum of $27.50, under the assumption that it was a reproduction. For decades, it remained in the university’s archives, its true nature unrecognized. The breakthrough came when British medieval historian David Carpenter, while delving into Harvard’s digital archives, identified the document as an authentic 1300 Magna Carta exemplification. This discovery not only adds a significant piece to the historical puzzle but also underscores the importance of thorough archival research in uncovering historical truths.

This find is particularly significant given the scarcity of such documents. While the original 1215 Magna Carta has four surviving copies, the 1300 exemplifications are even rarer, with only seven known to exist. Harvard’s addition to this list enhances the institution’s role in preserving and studying pivotal historical artifacts. The document’s authenticity was confirmed through detailed analysis, including handwriting comparisons and examination of the seal, which are characteristic of the period’s official documents.

The Magna Carta’s influence extends far beyond medieval England. Its principles have been foundational in shaping modern democratic systems, including the United States Constitution and the Bill of Rights. The charter’s emphasis on the rule of law and individual rights continues to resonate, making the discovery of an original 1300 exemplification at Harvard a momentous event for historians, legal scholars, and the public alike.

As Harvard Law School contemplates the future of this invaluable artifact, questions arise about its public display. The document’s fragility and historical significance necessitate careful consideration to ensure its preservation for future generations. Whether displayed in a museum setting or preserved within the university’s archives, the Magna Carta exemplification stands as a testament to the enduring quest for justice and the rule of law.

This discovery also highlights the dynamic nature of historical scholarship. Objects once thought to be of little value can, upon closer examination, reveal their true importance. It serves as a reminder of the continuous need for research and inquiry in the field of history, as new technologies and methodologies allow scholars to reassess and reinterpret the past.

In conclusion, Harvard’s recognition of its 1300 Magna Carta exemplification not only enriches the university’s historical collection but also contributes to the broader understanding of this seminal document. It reinforces the Magna Carta’s status as a cornerstone of legal and constitutional thought, whose principles continue to guide and inspire societies around the world.